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- $Unique_ID{BRK04219}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Sialadenitis}
- $Subject{Sialadenitis Salivary Gland Infection Stone in Salivary Gland
- Sialolithiasis Sjogren Syndrome Mixed Tumor of the Salivary Gland Periodic
- Sialadenosis }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1987, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 356:
- Sialadenitis
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Sialadenitis) is not the
- name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing to find the alternate
- names, disorder subdivisions, and related disorders covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Salivary Gland Infection
- Stone in Salivary Gland
- Sialolithiasis
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Mikulicz Syndrome
- Sjogren Syndrome
- Mixed Tumor of the Salivary Gland
- Periodic Sialadenosis
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
-
- Sialadenitis is a disorder characterized by a stone in the salivary gland
- or duct. Painful swelling of the salivary gland may occur, and may be
- accompanied by infection.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Symptoms of Sialadenitis include enlargement, tenderness, and redness of one
- or more salivary glands. These are the glands in the mouth, located near the
- ear (parotid), under the tongue (sublingual), and under the jaw bone
- (submaxillary), plus numerous small glands in the tongue, lips, cheeks and
- palate. Salivary stones (calculi) may block secretions from any of these
- glands. The gland may sometimes become infected, leading to fever and other
- complications. Sometimes an abnormal passage from the salivary duct to the
- cheek (salivary fistula) is formed, or the pus collects in a cavity
- (abscess).
-
- Most often, the abnormally enlarged salivary gland can be detected through
- touch by a dentist or doctor.
-
- Causes
-
- The cause of Sialadenitis, or the reasons why some people develop stones in
- the salivary gland, is unknown. Sometimes, the stone may be associated with
- an infection by Streptococcus or other bacteria. Ingestion of potassium
- iodide or mercury may also cause this disorder, but in most cases the cause
- is unknown.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Sialadenitis may affect persons of both sexes at any age, and is not very
- rare.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Mikulicz Syndrome is a benign chronic lymphocytic infiltration and
- enlargement of the tonsils and salivary glands near the ear (parotid gland),
- beneath the upper jaw bone (submaxillary), tear (lacrimal) and other glands.
- This condition causes excessive dryness of the mouth and eyes and is often
- related to Sjogren's Syndrome. (For more information on this disorder,
- choose "Mikulicz" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.)
-
- Sjogren Syndrome is a degeneration of the tear and salivary glands that
- may be associated with arthritis. Patients often complain of a gritty,
- burning sensation in their eyes due to loss of lubrication. When their
- mouths become dry, chewing and swallowing food is difficult. The lack of
- saliva causes particles of food to stick to the cheeks, gums, and throat.
- Other symptoms may include a weak voice, dental decay, dryness of the nose,
- skin and vagina. (For more information on this disorder, choose "Sjogren" as
- your search term in the Rare Disease Database.)
-
- Mixed Tumor of the Salivary Gland (Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Salivary
- Gland) is a slowly growing, benign tumor of unknown origin. It is usually
- located in the parotid salivary glands. Onset of the disorder is slow, but
- later the tumor tends to grow rapidly. Paralysis of the facial muscles is a
- rare complication. Sometimes pain occurs in conjunction with the tumor.
- This disorder tends to be familial and can occur in multiple family members.
-
- Periodic Sialadenosis (Periodic Sialorrhea, or Recurring Salivary
- Adenitis) is a disorder of unknown cause, possibly of autosomal dominant
- inheritance. It is characterized by sudden discomfort in the region of the
- salivary glands near the ear and jaws. An unusually large flow of saliva may
- occur. The outer ear sometimes appears distorted.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Initial treatment of Sialadenitis involves filling the gland with water
- (hydration) and massaging it to help move the stone out of the gland.
- Antibiotic and steroid drugs have been used to treat secondary symptoms. To
- treat a recurrent infectious Sialadenitis, surgical removal of the salivary
- gland may be necessary. This operation may be difficult, since scar tissue
- may cause complications. Alternative treatment methods have been used, such
- as radiation, tying the salivary duct, or cutting the tympanic nerve to
- induce shrinkage of the gland.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- For treatment of the chronic, recurrent form of Sialadenitis a new
- experimental method is being investigated. The procedure consists of
- instilling an amino-acid or protein solution in the salivary duct. This
- solution hardens in the duct, inducing a reduction or elimination of salivary
- gland tissue. The hardened protein is later reabsorbed. Some patients have
- been successfully treated by this method, but more research is needed.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- March 1987. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Sialadenitis, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- NIH/National Institute of Dental Research
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-4261
-
- References
-
- SALIVARY GLANDS: J.R. Saunders, Jr. et al.; Surgical Clinics of North
- America (February 1986: issue 66,1). Pp. 59-81.
-
- PAROTID GLAND ATROPHY INDUCED BY OCCLUSION OF THE DUCTAL SYSTEM WITH A
- PROTEIN SOLUTION: G. Rettinger et al.; American Journal of Otolaryngology
- (May-June 1984: issue 5,3). Pp. 183-190.
-
-